Let’s get real about PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome). Worldwide it affects about 8–13% of reproductive-aged women, yet it often feels like no one’s talking about it. PCOS hormonal imbalance isn’t just about irregular periods or fertility issues—it impacts your whole body, from your skin to how much you weigh to your mood. When hormones are out of sync, it can throw everything off, leading to a range of symptoms. If you’re dealing with PCOS or suspect you might have it, you're not alone. Managing it can feel overwhelming, but getting a grip on what’s happening to your body makes a huge difference. So, let’s break it down in simple, no-nonsense terms for you to understand your body better.
What Is PCOS?
PCOS is a syndrome, meaning it’s a collection of symptoms rather than one specific disease. The “cysts” in PCOS aren’t harmful growths but immature follicles—fluid-filled sacs that contain eggs that haven’t developed properly. In fact, not all women with PCOS have ovarian cysts.The name can be misleading, which is why understanding the underlying hormonal imbalance is crucial.
What Are The Warning Signs of PCOS?
PCOS can be sneaky because its symptoms vary widely. Common signs include:
- Irregular or absent periods (affects about 50% of women with PCOS).
- Excess facial or body hair (up to 70% of women).
- Acne or oily skin.
- Thinning hair on your head.
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight (affects about 40–80% of women).
- Fertility issues (PCOS is the cause of 70–80% of fertility problems in women who have trouble ovulating).
- Dark skin patches (acanthosis nigricans), often around the neck, underarms, or groin. These patches are linked to insulin resistance.
How Do High-Levels of Androgens Affect PCOS?
Imagine your body producing too much of a hormone it already has. That’s what happens with androgens in PCOS. While both men and women have androgens, women with PCOS have higher levels. These elevated androgens are responsible for some of the most common symptoms, such as:
- Acne: Androgens increase oil production, leading to clogged pores and breakouts.
- Unwanted hair growth: Excess androgens stimulate hair follicles in areas like the face, chest, and abdomen.
- Hair loss: Higher androgen levels can shrink hair follicles on the scalp, causing thinning hair or balding patterns.
- Beyond appearance, high androgens also play a role in increasing metabolic health risks like insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular issues.
Can You Lower Your Androgens?
Managing excess androgens is possible through a combination of medical and lifestyle approaches:
- Medications: Anti-androgens like spironolactone help with symptoms such as acne and hair growth. Birth control pills also help regulate androgens and periods.
- Diet: A low-glycaemic diet with whole grains, fruits, and vegetables can help lower insulin levels, which in turn reduces androgens.
- Exercise: Regular activity improves insulin sensitivity, aiding hormonal balance over time.
- Natural Supplements: Zinc and omega-3s may have a role in reducing androgens, but always consult a healthcare professional before taking any supplements.
Insulin Resistance and PCOS
People with PCOS tend to have insulin resistance. Insulin is a hormone meant to balance blood sugar levels. It occurs when the body’s cells don’t respond effectively to insulin, leading to higher insulin levels in the blood. This, in turn, stimulates the ovaries to produce more androgens, worsening hormonal imbalances. Insulin resistance affects both lean and obese women with PCOS, contributing to symptoms like weight gain, fatigue, and dark skin patches. Addressing insulin resistance is key to managing PCOS effectively.
Can Certain Drinks Help With PCOS?
While no drink can "cure" PCOS, some beverages may support management:
- Spearmint Tea: Studies suggest it may help lower androgen levels, potentially reducing excess hair growth and acne. However, excessive consumption could affect hormone levels, so moderation is key.
- Green Tea: Its antioxidant properties can improve insulin sensitivity, supporting metabolic health.
- Warm Water with Cinnamon: Research shows that cinnamon helps regulate blood sugar and improve insulin resistance. However, overuse may cause digestive discomfort or interact with certain medications.
Can a Gynaecologist Treat PCOS Hormonal Imbalance?
Absolutely. A gynaecologist is often the first point of contact for PCOS management. They can perform tests like:
- Hormone panels: To assess levels of androgens, estrogen, and progesterone.
- Ultrasounds: To check for ovarian follicles and rule out other conditions.
- Blood tests: To evaluate glucose levels and insulin resistance.
Gynaecologists often prescribe medications to help regulate menstrual cycles, and assist with fertility when necessary. Their involvement is imperative in developing a well-rounded treatment plan to handle PCOS.
Balancing Hormones With PCOS
Managing hormone levels with PCOS can seem challenging, but it is possible! The essential steps include-
- Understanding your body
- Identifying your triggers
- Discovering the right mix of lifestyle adjustments and medical assistance that suits you.
While medications can alleviate symptoms, long-term management typically depends on dietary and lifestyle modifications.
You’re not alone in this journey. With patience, persistence, and the right support, you can take control of your hormones and feel better in your body.
Sources :
Who- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Nih- The Prevalence Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Brief Systematic Review
Cleveland Clinic- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
